Silos



March 25, 1958 R. E. BARDEN SILOS e Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Sept. 27. 1949INVENTOR.

a ih HM-UHI-IU--- March 25, 1958 R. E. BARDEN 2,827,569

SILOS Filed Sept. 27, 1949 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 ggggw INVENTOR. Paymona/ LBare/en March 25, 1958 R. E. BARDEN SILOS Filed Sept. 27, 1949 6Sheets-Sheet 4 X 0 b 8 2 b 5 o b 2 7 U 3 5 w l M 3 I 3 a, 6 3 u a 7 3 ao 5 97 a 8 Z u a 7 2 I: -&A

WJ m L. J w m 7 WW R M R. E. BARDEN SILOS March 25, 1958 6 Sheets-Sheet5 Filed Sept. 27. 1949 k W 7 me mm Na 3 E w mw v a F m a mm 9% w W M IWW March 25, 1958 R; E. BARDEN 2,827,659

, SILOS Filed Sept. 27. 1949 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 INVENTOR.- I Paym ohc/ 1Burden (TI- g k m f United States Patent SILOS Raymond E. Bar-den,Holcomb, N. Y.

Application September 27, 1949, Serial No. 118,076

6 Claims. (Cl. 2(l1.4)

The object of this invention is to make a new and improved silo.

Another object of the invention is to provide a new and improved meansfor anchoring the silo to the foundation.

Another object of the invention is to tie the upright staves of the silotogether with an improved form of dowel pin.

Another object of the invention is to use hoops made in two sections andjoin the rear ends of the hoop sections together with a new and improvedform of coupling bracket and make the ends of the hoop sections conformto the bracket.

Another object of the invention is to shape these coupling sections andarrange them in a column so that they serve as a ladder from the bottomto the top of the silo, which ladder should reach to the filling openingat the top of the silo.

Another object of the invention is to provide means by which the stavesand door posts are tightened up without decreasing the diameter of thesilo, but increasing the width of the door opening and also providemeans by which the door itself can close the increased opening.

Another object of the invention is to join the front ends of the hoopsections together with a turn buckle with which the hoop sections candraw the staves and door posts up to a predetermined diameter. 7

Another object of the invention is to build the silo on a concretefoundation, the diameter of which does not change as the silo gets olderand build the silo in such manner that the diameter of the silo is frombottom up kept uniform as the silo gets older and keeps a uniform fitwith the foundation.

Another object of the invention is to provide drainage between thebottom of the upright staves and the concrete foundation on which thestaves rest.

Another object of the invention is to connect the bottom of the stavesand the top of the foundation so that the staves will resist an inwardthrust.

Another object of the invention is to provide a door that will take upor close any increase in the door opening.

Another object of the invention is to support each door on two uprightpivoted links which permit the door to swing in and up to open thedischarge chute of the silo.

Another object of the invention is to connect these upright linkstogether with angle irons or cross bars so that a ladder is formedthereby.

Another object of the invention is to make each door wider than thedischarge opening, forming each door with a beveled edge that restsagainst and overlaps a corresponding beveled edge formed in the uprightdoor posts.

Another object of the invention is to clamp the top of the stavestogether in a circle and hold them in line with each other with aninverted channel shaped member formed on the upper ends of the staves inwhich channel shaped member the ends of the staves are loosely heldtogether so that they can slide in the channel and which channel shapedmember is at suitable intervals attached to one of the upright staves.

ice

Another object of the invention is to form the dome or roof of the siloin four sections, each of which is supported on a horizontal laminatedmember that rests on the inverted channel and fastened thereto bysuitable upright lengths which four roof sections are suitably joinedtogether on radial seams, and are fastened to the laminated sections bymetal brackets.

These and other objects of the invention will be illustrated in thedrawings, described in the specification and pointed out in the claimsat the end thereof.

In the drawings:

Figure l is a side elevation of the silo With a large section taken outnear the top of the figure.

Figure 2 is a detail view of the dowel pin used for joining the stavestogether.

Figure 3 is a horizontal section showing two staves held together by thedowel pin.

Figure 4 is a vertical section showing how the tops of the staves arejoined together in a circle and how they support the roof.

Figure 5 is an upright section on the line 5x, 5x of Figure 6 showingthe bracket by which the upright staves are joined to the concretefoundation.

Figure 6 is a front elevation of the bracket and staves shown incombination in Figure 5.

Figure 7 is a front elevation of the door opening and the foundation ofthe silo, two of the lowest doors and a part of the third door beingshown.

Figure 8 is a horizontal section on the line 8x, 8x of Figure 1 lookingat it from the right hand side of Figure l, the chute being shown partlybroken away and the door posts being shown in their original position;namely, closest together with the opening between them, which opening isclosed by the door in its normal or closed position.

Figure 8a is a detail vew of the turn buckle.

Figure 9 is a horizontal section on the same line 8x, 8x of Figure 1,showing the door posts drawn apart by the hoops and nuts thus enlargingthe opening with the doors in their normal position still closing theenlarged opening.

Figurev 10 is a diagrammatic view showing the doors and the links forsupporting them in side elevation looking.

to the left from the section line 10x, 10x of Figure 8 with theintervening portion of the silo structure omitted from the drawing.

Figure 11 shows the top and bottom horizontal angle irons that connectthe upright links together, which links support the door; the details ofthe doors and supports therefore partially appear on the right of Figure1 at the bottom, the upper doors etc. being concealed by the chute.

Figure 12 is a top plan view of the coupling that holds the rear ends ofthe hoops together, which couplings are shown on the left of Figure 1.

Figure 13 is a section taken on the line 13x, 13x of Figure 12.

Figure 14 is a top plan View of the roof, and the dormer windows.

Figure 15 shows an elevation of the dormer window on the left hand sideof the roof of the silo looking at it from the left.

Figure 16 shows one of two sections of the roof looking at it frombelow.

Figure 17 is a section on the line 17x, 17x of Figure 14 showing how thefour sections of the roof are bolted together from the outside.

In the several figures of the drawings, like reference numerals indicatelike parts. I

In the drawings reference numeral 1 indicates the concrete foundationwhich foundation has a bottom 2 and an upright circular wall 3. The topof the circular wall is cut ed at an angle of forty-five degrees slopingdown and V bothsthe uphightwallgandilreibottonnofitzhestaves'ismserlr:for thepurposeiotgivinggoodzdtiainagerbetweentthenpe right stavesxandtheneoncretewallzso the stavesi berkepttasdny as. possible.

The bottomsrotthe staves rest: onithe heizelediedgeeof the concrete wallbelow the topznome'r hithe -concrete wall; sothat.therconcreterwalleerves"as"a backing forthe ring of: staves. thatis; erectedi'ondt; Eheniangularspane:

between the back-of. the staVesrand-I thetopiedge. oitlie wall can befilled in with any plastic material-es s'siindicatedibyreferencenume'ral 6;; These details in Figure 5, of the-drawings.

are all shown 7 -At tregula-r. intervals. a metak strap fl fastened: totwo V or more of the upright staves. strap-.isaengagedby'i a=.bracket-8,;which' is perforated :at. the bottom. through whichperforations extends. a stud or bolt. 4; stud:

connected to the bracket-3 by'the'nut19 so that the: stajves at regularintervals. are positively held {d -Qn :th foundation wall 3. V V a Thestaves ;are. joined together radially with a-;.tongue 4 25 ure 3. Thestaves are about tsixinches-widek The edges, v

and groove joint. as. shown :in. horizontal. sectionin Fig? ofithestaves are ;cut. .-radial tethe diameter of thesil so that when thestaves are-joined together they form :a-...

circle Atregnlar intervals-item top to bottorm; the staves are: 'joined:together .cireumferent-ially by ;-metaldowel pins 10 suchaas are. shown:in Figures .2. .and;.-3..v

These: dowelpinsalso hold} the staves from working up andtdown' oneachnother; "Ihese dowel pins aaremacle'ofi metal and on each end-areformed with barbed cones,

Thetstavesare bored with hdleshayinga diameter that theytake a firrnhold thereon. These staves areassem bled in a ringuaround thesilo'andare hel d .-in.plac.e in'a cylinder. by the hoops which togetherwith'their' attachments encircle the-silo as will presently bedescribed; Each of thesehoopscomprises two members 12a and12b-. At therear endithe endsofithese members'are swedged up as ihdicatedhat.13a=and 13b. These rmernb erzs rare joined together by: a ..rectangularcoupling :15 shown ill! Figure 12.1 The end :Wallsof this coupling areperforatedas indicatedat 16 .so that the members 12a.and .I-ZbKea-n.

be passed through the openings in the endwallsfof -the couplings..The.:membens-.12a .and lib-are then'drawn into theupper. slot shown-inFigure .13- and the s-Wedged end isYjamrne'd, into the hole Shy. whichit .is firmly: held in place. i

One. side. "I 7 fo'fthe coupling isfformedlto-one radius andtheother.side 18 'is formedto another radius, :the

ideabe'ing thatone side 17 is appliedito the..silo having a radius ofseven feet, and the otherside 18heingapplied .to a... silothaving, a.radius of six feet, onanyother radius'that'niightbe used in standardconstruction coizrcsponds -:to the intermediate section .-11;.0f thedowel pin, and. when the dowel pins are driven intothe staves,

"buckle is less than the opening betweenthe, deer-posts H -2 '7a.and.27; z;%namely, abouttwentyfinches, 1

The .coupling in one instance. is applied .as shown:in

Figures 12'and 13' with'the side 17 against the silogand in the otherinstance is applied with the side -18 against the silogbut theipositionof thecouplingis then reversed.

The. dowels. 10 vans usedhto join. the-staves together-- both above andbelow the joints 21. If the silo is thirty feet high and the stavesarestwelve feet and eighteen feet in length, there will be two rings ofjoints 21 and 21a as is shown in Figure 1, and in such case there willbe used at least five rings of dowel pins such as is shown in Figure 3and there will be one .dowelpin in each ring for each stave. These ringsof dowel pins will be located, substantially as follows. In a thi-ityfoot silo the lowest ring will be about two feet. above. the foundation,the second ring will be about two feet below the ring '21inFigure 1, thethird ring will betabout irnidway bfiLWECIlIhfii-IillgSgOf joints 21 and21a, the fourth vringwillwbe two feet above silo ib-y -a turn: Zbuc'klezthat' willinow :be: described.- EEhisI turnbuckle.is:showneseparatelyiinz-EiguretSa;.

lnua .silo that fourteen feet. in: diameter, the total length of eachhoop and couplings would be aboutrfizrtyfour feet. Theicoupling:Jjatfthe backwouldibe zahout one-foot long; and the; membersdZaia'ndjz-Z-b would teach;

heia'hont twentyaone1-:(21=) :Eeetclong. About-eighteen ineheszofthe..forwardtendofi :each get :these :two imemheis would be made of stockabout one-eighthinchthick r than-the balance. of then-member. That is.toesay; :ifrthe member 'weeeema'cleu of sonerhelf inch pmund :SLQQKabout.

eighteen;inches; ofironnd' :stock :five-eighths; inches lin diamnterawouldibe welded-ionztcntheend of:i.t*and this large end ofeighteen inches would be threaded asshOwu-at;

25a and 25b iin- "Figures 18- 1and';9..' Th setthreadedqeud ZSauand 255connected. by a turnbucklelfilzwhiszh' turnbucklerisseparatelyi shown inFigure 38:15am '.s {shown irrzcombinationxintFigures ,8;and;9;...Theenjds-ofthe turnbuckleengagethe threaded-ends 25a and 25bofthfismenig bersitlza 'and'i12b sand the tuisnbuekleis turned to, drawthese.- members together; so that the :hoop -.a s a whole is drawntightly: around thestaves.

It will also be understood that;one 10f the: leads will bfirfiright-hand thread and tthe other will tbea lefgthand thread-sotha-t; thetwo members-will tbe-idrawn Qgethenas thezturnbuckleisturned. V

;.It willzalsohe understoodtthat -the;t;urnbuckle:is located inwfrontof; the doonopening andthe length of-the..-turn men; the threads .2511and 25b nuts ,28.a,;a,nd are placed, which when turne dtdrawihepostsfirmly against the stavestand tendsttoenlaggeathe;door opening-and-zas the-turnbuckle 2.6 .is turned, itetends to close lthe" door openingandmake ,a stable ist ructure' of the desired-diametere door or -onetdool fort every} hoop;t that. encircles ..the. silo XP 1 Q h s-P- -1; tw :is s ow 9? plan view in Figures 8 and 9;; Qumach .door thetqare two.-cleats. .3 6a.and 36b. .Bivotallymounted on .Fthe'hubs of.the-..tuinbuclile arej-thelinks37a andzfi'lb. Each of V thesel links is C -shapedand has egesfisa and (38b) at the top where they engage the hubs of theturnbuckle.

They .extendoutwardlylfmmthe doonways as; indicated-at It willunderstood that there, is one hoop ,for every long. When each door isclosed it rests directly on the door below it, making a tight fit withthe lower door. For this purpose each door is cut away to make a shiplap joint as indicated at 45 in Figure 10. The eyes 38a and 38b of eachlink are pivoted on the hubs of the turnbuckle and the turnbuckle issupported on the threaded end of the hoop.

It will be assumed that the door is about two feet high and the ensilagewill be removed from back of the door as far down as may be necessary.The top of the door will be swung backward around the bottom of the dooras a center carrying with it the lower ends 42a and 42b of the links.The lower ends 42a and 42b of the links will travel up slightly in theslots 43a and 43b. When the top of the door gets back far enough, thedoor can be moved up endwise and the middle of the door and the bottomof the links will then swing in a circle of which the hub of theturnbuckle is the center and the door can then be placed in thehorizontal position indicated by dotted lines in Figure 10, and fromthere it can be swung to the upright upside down position shown bydotted lines at the top of Figure 10. In Figure the top door is shown indotted lines in an inverted position. Fastened to the frame of thedormer roof 'at the top of the chute on the right of Figure 1 is a hook47 which engages the top door and holds it up in the dotted lineposition shown in Figure 10.

On the top door shown in full lines in Figure 10 is a hook 43. When thisdoor is swung up to its dotted line inverted position, this hook 48 willengage with the next door below it when it is swung up to the invertedposition. The next door below it is indicated at 35 and is engaged atthe top with the hook 48, after it has been swung up to the broken lineposition shown in Figure 10. In like manner each door will be swung upto this position as the ensilage is removed from the silo, and the levelof the ensilage falls to correspond.

As will be seen in Figures 8 and 9, the top of the door is shown in bothfigures in solid lines and the back of the door 35 is much wider thanthe front of the door and the side edges of the doors are beveled andthe backs of the door posts 27a and 27b are beveled to nearly correspondand the outer edges of the beveled sides of the door rest against thebeveled backs of the door posts and make a close fit therewith, whetherthe door posts are closer together as shown in Figure 8 or are spreadapart as is shown in Figure 9.

To secure this result the bevels on the door are made slightly out ofline with the bevels on the door posts.

, It will thus be seen that the doors rest closely against the doorposts and will securely close the door opening or doorway at the frontof the silo regardless of whether the position of the door post has beenaltered much or little.

It will also be understood that an ordinary turnbuckle has two hubsrigidly connected together by two sides of links which enclose arectangular space between. But the turnbuckle that I use, which is shownin Figures 8, 8a and 9 omits one of these sides or links. The turnbuckleis made in this way, so that it will not obstruct the cleats on thedoors as the doors move to their outermost position as is shown inFigure 9. It will be assumed that the clearance between the inside ofthe hubs of the turnbuckle is about fourteen inches and the threadedends of the hoops project into this space an inch or so as shown inFigures 8 and 9. The cleats will be placed on each door so that when thedoor is in its outermost position radially as shown in Figure 9, thesecleats can extend into the open space between the threaded ends of thehoops, which threaded ends may be less than ten an-1 ar all), i rasteuthe angle irons As shown in Figures 1 and 8 and 9, I provide a chute 53on one side of the silo. This chute encloses the doors shown in Figures8 and 9 so that, if the wind blows, the ensilage will fall straight downin a pile. This chute is fastened to hoops 12a and 12b by brackets 54aand 54b,

' which brackets consists of a metal strap that goes around the hoop andthe two ends are brought together and given aquartcr turn, which canthen be bolted to the frame of the chute.

It will also be understood that after the siio has been built someyears, the staves will shrink and it will then be necessary to turn thenuts 28a and 281; so as to spread the door posts 27a and 27b apart andtake up the shrinkage and tighten up the staves against the hoops. Inthis way the silo will be heldto substantially the same diameterthroughout and will always fit the base and the roof will always fit thetop.

In Figure 4 the tops of the staves 5 are shown. After the silo has beenfinished up to the point an inverted channel 60 is built on top of thestaves clear around the silo in a complete circle. Where this channelencloses the tops of the door posts, the tops of the door posts are cutaway to conform to the thickness of the staves. This channel is made upof five members, one member on the inside about one inch thick and eightinches high or wide. Next is placed two intermediate members, each aboutone inch thick and about four inches high and on the outside two memberseight inches high or wide are placed each about one inch thick. Thesemembers are all shown in cross section in Figure 4 and are boltedtogether by a series of bolts 65. At suitable intervals straps 66 areused which are pivoted on the bolts 65 and bolted to the staves at 67.These straps as are 'morticed into the inside of the channel, themortice being wider than the straps 66. This construction permits thetops of the staves to move sideways in the channel.

The roof of the silo and its sill rests on this channel and is attachedto it. The construction of the roof and its sill will now be described.

As shown in Figures 1 and 14 the roof 7% of the silo is substantially adome or a half of a sphere. it is made up in four sections 71, 72, 73and 74-. These sections are preferably interchangeable. The section 72has a dormer roof 72a built therein to cover the top of the chute 53.The section 74 has a dormer window 74a built therein to provide for afilling opening. This dormer has a roof 75 made in two sections 75a and7522 which are symmetrically alike. These sections are hinged on theside at 76a and 76b. Each section of the dormer roof can swing on itshinge outward as shown in dotted lines near the top of Figure 15. Thisuncovers an opening near the top of the dome through which the silo canbe filled from above instead of from the side. This allows easy fillingof the dome of the silo giving greater capacity. The two halves of theroof of the dormer will be closed with an overlapping joint. Each ofthese four sections of the roof is built in the shop or factory and eachsection includes a sill 89 and rafters 81 and 82. These rafters arejoined together at the top by a corner bracket 83 as appears at thebottom of Figure 16.

Each section of the roof is covered with a metal plate 84, which plateon the edges of the section is first bent up and then down on itself soas to form a flange 85' outside of the roof and an angle 86 inside ofthe roof in which angle the wooden rafter 81 or 82. is fastened. Whenthe sections are brought together the flanges 35 outside of the roofwill lie side by side and will be covered with a metal channel 87.Through this channel and the flanges, bolts will be drawn which willdraw the channel and the flanges close together and make a rigid leakproof construction. When the sections of the roof are ready to beassembled on top of the silo, metal straps 88 will be used to join thesills 863 to the channel 60. The sill will preferably be made of severallaminations which will extend preferably up and down, and the 7 h pu plae ne th itopi llfihilQ- af ers i i b amina ed hl anner i l ih he e t rethe mi a e s illpr fere he'h ehte Thelsill is ast h d h e' ef sec ion byh aeh ts 8&4? V

Figuref l.

It will also beunderstooglthat suitable cQnstt'uetion of t rafte s willbeextended up fron lthelsillto support-the dormer window 744, V s

' It will also be understood that a suitable sill 9,0 in -1 dicated bydotted lines in Figure 14 isformed on the under sid e of thedormer roof72q to fit the top of the chute 53 andthe dormer roof 72a will be Weldedto the roof of. the section.72. h t a V A hole 91 is provided atlthe topwhich can be coyerecl "with any suitable forns of ventilator. A ladder94 will section 74 having the filling dormer window, can-helocated'inanyof the three remaining places. 7

Having thus described the details of thecpnstrugtion,

I will e e e e ess mhl hs of, the .silqh he 1119"? general way.

' First the foundation is laid with studs 4 flset upright ther in- Th opests e hth t ee l h -ih a thi y foot silo will be erected in place ohthe fgundationfand held in place by any suitable falsework. Ihestayeswill then be assembled on the foundation. Ihe fi st stave will befastened tothe door post by the dowel pins 10 shown in Figure2. VOtherstaves will be a' d'oontinuously, around the ring of the foundation fromeach b Pe a d the laves h t me at the heiehi il h sprung together andlocked with the dowel pins; as they are sprung. The staves willjheerected to the tul height as the structure progresses-mound the .siloand the s tay, es are locked with the dowel pins. At the bottom thestayes will be held in position by the first hoopwhichwill he placedabout six inches above the bottom of the stage.

All of the hoops will be bent in the shop to the tight.

eurv A te a ew s t s h ve. been e e t d I n hh side of the doo rpos t, as'econd ho p will be put in place abou on half wayhp t tsi o e t ce h ht plaeeatqrhearthe baqkwit ehi ork- "As th ass mb .e th is eves .n hl tete Jt e d lpi hQ the states in, PlQ Q Q K Ql PX e purposes and thentherernainingthoop 's and couplings and h n he le a eph -Q fo' h rhmhseze liei th c p tmctu e q ethe i will b h s o t tshitah et tlewillhepbh esl n the d o p s o th i eeeptieh hfl h h Pf the hoops and h thes ms and brack t t3 W 1 eh hh the bottom ofthe staves to the t ds itth i a Wh n the .hQQBShh Pas e throu t e deer PQs s, the n 728 311. 23(ar three s ht th end .f the hoops. V V i I wi s he hhd rstqedthe thlihkeihvi ehhd 5% wil be p ac an he hub q i h i lIQbJ Ekk eh ktli h hekls will he eigagedlw ththe 19922 .th the-12h p of r w n thehebheih ohaeea a h doors w thehi h ihhhgf mm the ihR 'ah Qthe in s l b ied ,ths bthe A l h h 1 l m' the steps or rungs thelgdder. l

T e ann l wi l .en he hhilthh the 9f th sie an he seetiqhs 9 th -i lFQ9f "w ll h lli am e Q epto eth h hehheh V l "Th he t pleswh1l1hi-....ed; ,iht xs lst rt e anchor the hoops to the s tave s that'they-Zstay .iii' a horizontal line.

In FigureS I have shown the top of'the concrete base in said silothavinga hqepee t nd tht' h s Ma 9 U e esl et ah an e- M a d h hh m 9 he vesrehe eled hh st. o h e pehd hi a le" P t e base, may be of any greaterorIessanglle may be with alhoriz ont al step or a series of stepscutftherei 'n 0h which can rest the bottom of the stayes if 'the'yfare'a etri t a le at t bottom These. vt ht qns illi e sil hhd qtti. by hshet qh f 895 5- 1h .e sil he-e mhih tihn of as and ri ht: te ellha ne H PQQPPd n t e ieves and Pl Pe 'f he il togethenpsaid hoops hayihg threadedends; a doorway ston each side thereof circuine enh .ve hthh f thee htste es h hq t' e oops eX hd h lrh g h S s 99 th n s on t e hre ed hes@Seidhows he ihlhn the a n s e fi idi po a rh e phpl hseth fre end -7. 5id h h t aid Posts; hex o i h i h htihUYf mit? hher' ies h a s e tnameles? aid dehrif i eeh of e em n w th slat i [th Sid o the 4 9 2 7: h ehitsa d ee may be ew i wa y a d p e' d y efeh up h n d-D si 611., ,e .hbhk'pq t 'ihe door in its iIlYCljtCd po 11. i i

3. In .a silo, th e e ation of va base and upright ie ps r oundin th ste and hqld e h together, said loops haying threaded ends a door" in saidsilo haying a posfon each ferentially abutting adj hd of Said h hh lheeh hhh ld'hh e hr f kle e p ine h fr e nds sa l h hav a single efifset enal o e t P 2W? 9: the .Q tsig e f ea h deer .snaeed j e h 2 in qf aeh fyi ieh ib y te lq. he mm lbH I Qth OI-heI w it h hh .ehhhl pa d es le hie h h i' ef ifeei ed e by whi leh esem tth a s bmit 5. In a circularsilo, a plurality of staves arranged in a C to form a door, tensionmeans extending around said staves from opposite sides of said door,means for maintaining said staves in a fixed circle, and a rigid annularinverted roof-supporting channel positioned on the upper ends of saidstaves, with the inner and outer flanges closely embracing said staves,and articulated means vertically extending connecting said staves withsaid channel, whereby said staves may move circumferentially withrespect to the channel.

6. A silo comprising, in combination, a base, upright staves, saidstaves forming a 'C-shaped wall providing a door opening, a post on eachside of said door opening abutting the end staves of said 'G-shapedwall, hoops surrounding said staves and having threaded ends extendingthrough said posts, nuts on said ends adapted to bear against the facingsides of said posts, a turn buckle joining said threaded ends, said turnbuckle having threaded end portions, and a single connecting bar portionextending between said end portion and laterally disposed in respect tothe threaded ends of said hoops, said posts having beveled inside facesextending over the circumferential thickness of said posts, and doorsfor said door opening having beveled edge faces adapted to engage saidbeveled post faces in a radial outward direction.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 61,690Shea Jan. 29, 1867 10 Repp Dec. 1, 1903 Walrath et al July 2, 1907 VanCott Nov. 9, 1909 Naylor Oct. 25, 1910 Reese May 30, 1911 Horn July 9,1912 Schlachter Oct. 29, 1912 Morrow Dec. 31, 1912 Rice July 29, 1913Archer Jan. 19, 1915 Cavanaugh et a1 Mar. 14, 1916 Cronemeyer Mar. 6,1917 Adams July 3, 1917 Greenwood Aug. 14, 1917 Pugh Apr. 30, 1918Peterson Oct. 8, 1918 Van Cott Apr. 22, 1919 Jones et a1. July 6, 1920Van Cott Dec. 13, 1921 Reinhart July 10, 1923 Kaatz Nov. 21, 1933 RowellMar. 31, 1936 Hanson Oct. 17, 1939 Cowin Jan. 16, 1940 Van Cott et alDec. 16, 1941 Van Cott et a1. July 14, 1942 FOREIGN PATENTS GreatBritain ..-of 1889

